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What is Dialysis?

Dialysis is a medical treatment that performs the essential functions of the kidneys when they fail. It removes waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood, maintaining the body’s chemical balance.

In what situations would a patient require dialysis therapy?

Dialysis therapy is required when the kidneys are unable to effectively filter waste, toxins, and excess fluids from the blood, commonly due to kidney failure or end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Situations necessitating dialysis include:

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): Dialysis is needed when CKD reaches stage 5, where kidneys function at less than 15% of normal capacity.
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI): Sudden kidney failure from injury, severe infection, or drug toxicity may require temporary dialysis until kidney function improves.
Severe Electrolyte Imbalance: Dialysis is essential when high potassium or acid levels become life-threatening and cannot be managed through other treatments.
Fluid Overload: When excess body fluid causes complications like heart failure or pulmonary edema.

What are the functions and processes of the kidneys?

The kidneys are vital organs responsible for filtering waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood, which are then excreted as urine. They regulate electrolyte balance, blood pressure, and red blood cell production by releasing hormones like erythropoietin. Kidneys also maintain acid-base balance and ensure proper hydration levels in the body. Each kidney contains millions of nephrons, which perform the filtration and reabsorption processes crucial for these functions.

Types of dialysis

There are two primary types of dialysis

Hemodialysis dialysis

Hemodialysis involves using a machine to filter blood outside the body through a dialyzer, which mimics kidney functions by removing waste and excess fluid. It's typically done in a clinic several times a week.

Peritoneal Dialysis

Peritoneal dialysis uses the lining of the abdomen (peritoneum) as a natural filter. A special fluid is introduced into the abdomen, drawing out waste products through diffusion and osmosis, typically performed at home daily.

Dialysis procedure

The dialysis procedure involves several steps depending on the type

Hemodialysis

  • A vascular access point (often an arteriovenous fistula or graft) is used to connect the patient to the dialysis machine.

  • Blood is drawn out from the access point into the machine, where it passes through a dialyzer that filters out waste and extra fluid.

  • Cleaned blood returns to the body through the access point.

Peritoneal Dialysis

  • A catheter is surgically placed into the abdominal cavitymachine.

  • Dialysis solution (dialysate) is introduced through the catheter, filling the abdomen.

  • Waste products and excess fluid pass from blood vessels in the peritoneum into the dialysate.

  • After a dwell time, the used solution drains out, and a fresh solution is introduced.

Both methods require careful monitoring to ensure proper fluid balance and effective waste removal, typically overseen by medical professionals in a clinic or at home.

Nephroplus Dialysis Clinic in Suraram

Citizens Hospital, 1-100/1/CCH, Near aparna Sarovar Nallagandla, Serilingampalle (M), Hyderabad, Telangana 500019

Frequently asked questions

Quick answers to the questions you may have.

What is dialysis?
Dialysis is a medical treatment that filters waste products and excess fluids from the blood when the kidneys are unable to perform this function adequately.
How often is dialysis needed?
Dialysis frequency depends on individual health needs, typically ranging from several times a week for hemodialysis to daily for peritoneal dialysis.
What are the common side effects of dialysis?
Common side effects include low blood pressure, muscle cramps, fatigue, and fluid or electrolyte imbalances.
Can dialysis be done at home?
Yes, Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis can often be performed at home, offering more flexibility and reducing the need for frequent visits to a dialysis center.
How to choose the best dialysis centre in hyderabad?
Choose the best dialysis center in Hyderabad by assessing location convenience, reputation for quality care, experienced staff, cleanliness, and available patient support services.

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