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What is Dialysis?

Dialysis is a medical procedure essential for managing kidney failure when the kidneys can no longer effectively filter waste products and excess fluids from the blood. This condition, known as end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or kidney failure, can result from various underlying health conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, or chronic kidney disease.

In what situations would a patient require dialysis therapy?

Dialysis therapy is needed when a patient’s kidneys cannot adequately filter waste, toxins, and excess fluid from the blood, typically due to kidney failure or end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Situations requiring dialysis include:
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): When CKD progresses to stage 5, with kidney function below 15%, dialysis is needed to perform the kidneys' filtering role.
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI): Sudden loss of kidney function due to injury, severe infection, or toxins may require temporary dialysis until kidney function recovers.
Severe Electrolyte Imbalances: Critical levels of potassium, sodium, or acid in the blood that cannot be controlled by other means necessitate dialysis.
Fluid Overload: Excess fluid causing severe complications, like pulmonary edema or heart failure.
Uremia: When waste builds up in the blood, causing serious symptoms like nausea, confusion, or pericarditis.

What are the functions and processes of the kidneys?

The kidneys filter blood to remove waste products and excess fluids, forming urine to maintain water and electrolyte balance. They regulate blood pressure through the renin-angiotensin system, control acid-base balance, and produce erythropoietin, which stimulates red blood cell production. The kidneys also activate vitamin D, crucial for calcium absorption and bone health, and manage potassium and sodium levels for proper nerve and muscle function. These processes are essential for overall homeostasis and the body's internal environment stability.

Types of dialysis

There are two main types of dialysis: hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.

Hemodialysis dialysis

This method involves using a machine called a dialyzer to filter waste, extra chemicals, and fluid from the blood. During the procedure, blood is drawn out of the body through a needle, passed through the dialyzer where it is cleaned, and then returned to the body. Hemodialysis is typically performed in a dialysis center three times a week, each session lasting around four hours.

Peritoneal Dialysis

This type uses the lining of the abdomen, known as the peritoneum, as a natural filter. A cleansing fluid called dialysate is introduced into the abdominal cavity through a catheter. Waste products and excess fluids pass from the blood vessels in the peritoneum into the dialysate, which is then drained away. Peritoneal dialysis can be done at home, either manually several times a day (Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis - CAPD) or using a machine at night (Automated Peritoneal Dialysis - APD).

Both types of dialysis help manage the waste and fluid balance in patients with kidney failure, improving their quality of life.

Dialysis procedure

Dialysis cleanses the blood when kidneys fail. In hemodialysis, blood is drawn, filtered through a machine, and returned. In peritoneal dialysis, fluid introduced into the abdomen absorbs waste and drains out. Both methods remove waste products and excess fluids, helping maintain body balance.

NephroPlus Dialysis Clinic in Kolkata

More Fish Market, Mega City Nursing Home ( P) Ltd, 12, Jessore Rd, Champadali, Barasat, Kolkata, West Bengal 700124

Frequently asked questions

Quick answers to the questions you may have.

What is dialysis?
Dialysis is a medical procedure that filters waste and excess fluids from the blood when kidneys fail.
How often is dialysis needed?
Hemodialysis is typically needed three times a week; peritoneal dialysis is performed daily.
What are the common side effects of dialysis?
Common side effects include low blood pressure, muscle cramps, nausea, fatigue, and infection risk.
Can dialysis be done at home?
Yes, peritoneal dialysis and home hemodialysis can be performed at home with proper training and equipment.
How to choose the best dialysis centre in Kolkata?
Consider factors like reputation, experienced staff, cleanliness, patient reviews, available services, and proximity.

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