Types of Dialysis: Treatments and Procedures for Beginners

When kidney function declines to a level where the body can no longer remove waste and excess fluid on its own, dialysis may be recommended as a treatment option. Dialysis is a medical process that carries out some of the essential functions of healthy kidneys. It helps to maintain balance in the body by regulating fluids, electrolytes and waste products in the blood.

Understanding dialysis in clear, straightforward terms can help patients better grasp why it is needed and what to expect. There are different types of kidney dialysis, each with its own method and schedule. Becoming familiar with these options enables patients and their families to make informed decisions in partnership with their healthcare team.

 What is Dialysis?

Dialysis steps in when the kidneys cannot clear waste, extra salt or extra fluid. Kidneys act like natural filters. When their function drops, the blood slowly collects substances that make the body feel heavy, swollen, tired or breathless.

Dialysis takes over this filter job. It does not replace the kidneys completely; it just helps the body maintain balance when the kidneys struggle. Many patients say they feel clearer in the head, lighter in the legs and less nauseated after a good dialysis session.

 How Does Dialysis Work?

There are two ways in which dialysis can be done. Dialysis can filter the blood directly with the help of a machine, or can be done using the inner lining of the abdomen to do the filtering. Both methods remove waste and fluid, but they feel different to the patient.

The machine or the abdominal lining works like a temporary helper. The treatment clears toxins at a slow and steady pace, so the body does not feel shocked. Patients often feel calmer when they understand the basic idea: dialysis supports the body by removing what the kidneys cannot.

Types of Dialysis

There are two main types of dialysis treatments, which vary from patient to patient. Each has its own rhythm, schedule and comfort level. What suits one person may not suit another.

 Hemodialysis

Hemodialysis filters the blood using a machine. Blood leaves the body through a tube, passes through the dialyser, and then returns to the body after being cleaned. Each session lasts several hours. During this time, patients often sit comfortably, rest, read or talk while the machine performs the treatment.

Some patients feel that the sessions are long, while others find that hemodialysis becomes part of their weekly routine. Treatment usually takes place at a dialysis centre, where trained staff oversee each step of the process.

Peritoneal Dialysis

Peritoneal dialysis uses the lining of the abdomen as a natural filter. A soft tube remains in place in the abdomen. A sterile fluid is gently introduced into the abdominal cavity, stays there for a set period, and is then drained out, carrying waste products with it.

Many patients prefer this option because it offers greater flexibility. It can be performed at home, and the process is slow and steady. It is often suitable for patients who wish to avoid frequent travel to a treatment centre.

These different types of dialysis provide patients with options based on comfort, daily schedule and medical needs.

What to Expect During Dialysis Procedures

Patients often worry about what their first dialysis session will feel like. The experience depends on the type of dialysis.

In hemodialysis, a nurse connects the tubes. The machine starts slowly. Most patients say the first few minutes feel unusual but not painful. After that, the body settles.

In peritoneal dialysis, the movement of fluid within the abdomen can create a sensation of fullness. Most patients become accustomed to this feeling over time. Some people may feel tired after treatment, while others feel hungry or notice little change at all. The body often needs a short period to adjust to this new routine.

 Choosing the Right Type of Dialysis

Doctors help guide the decision, but patients also play an important role. The most suitable option depends on factors such as lifestyle, distance to the treatment centre, space at home, comfort with handling equipment and existing medical conditions.

Patients who require closer monitoring often opt for hemodialysis, while those who value flexibility and privacy may prefer peritoneal dialysis. When the choices feel overwhelming, it can be helpful to sit down with the care team and discuss daily routines, family support and personal preferences. The aim is to choose an option that feels manageable both physically and emotionally.

Conclusion

Dialysis changes life. It adds new routines and new habits. Patients often fear the start, but most say it becomes familiar over time. Understanding the types of dialysis makes the path less stressful. Whether a patient chooses hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, both treatments support the same purpose: giving the body relief when the kidneys cannot keep up.

Patients deserve information that feels calm and practical. Clarity makes choices easier, and comfort grows step by step. If you or your loved ones are coping with kidney problems and want to know the best dialysis treatment, visit NephroPlus and our care team will accommodate your needs and design the best course of treatment catered to your needs.

FAQs

What is the main difference between hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis?

Hemodialysis filters blood through a machine outside the body. Peritoneal dialysis uses the abdominal lining inside the body to filter waste through fluid exchanges.

How often is hemodialysis required?

Most patients receive hemodialysis two or three times each week. The schedule depends on kidney function, fluid levels and guidance from the care team.

How do patients prepare for a dialysis session?

Patients come well-rested, eat a light meal, follow fluid limits and tell the team if they feel unwell. Calm preparation helps the treatment go smoothly.

What dietary changes are necessary for dialysis patients?

Dialysis patients often need controlled potassium, phosphorus, salt and fluid. Protein intake may increase. A renal dietician guides these adjustments.

Is there pain associated with dialysis procedures?

Most patients feel mild discomfort only during needle insertion in hemodialysis. Peritoneal dialysis may cause a brief full feeling during fluid exchange. Pain is not typical.