What is the First Sign of Kidney Problems?
In India, kidney problems are becoming a silent epidemic. Studies show that more than 16.38% of Indians suffer from some sort of kidney problems. Kidney failure is a condition in which one or both kidneys fail to perform their functions effectively. Many people are not aware of the risks of kidney failure until it's too late.
At NephroPlus, we understand that awareness and early detection are vital. By recognising the early kidney disease symptoms, individuals can protect their kidney health and prevent irreversible damage. This guide explains the key kidney issues, symptoms, causes and diagnostic tests, along with when to seek medical advice.
Functions of the Kidneys
The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, located on either side of the spine. The main function of the kidneys is to filter out water, excess fluids, and toxins from the body. Kidney problems occur when one or both kidneys are damaged and unable to perform their functions effectively.
Early Signs of Kidney Problems
In many cases, individuals with early-stage kidney disease show no symptoms. Studies indicate that nine out of ten people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are unaware they have it. However, recognising early kidney problems and symptoms can significantly improve treatment outcomes.
Fatigue and Trouble Concentrating
Build-up of toxins and excess fluids due to a decrease in kidney function can lead to less energy. A healthy kidney produces hormones that help in the production of red blood cells. When the kidneys don't function effectively, it may lead to anaemia and a feeling of tiredness. These combined effects lead to a decrease in focus and concentration.
Nausea and Vomiting
Accumulation of waste in the bloodstream may lead to feelings of nausea or vomiting. This is one of the early symptoms of kidney disease.
Dry, Itchy Skin
When kidneys fail to maintain proper mineral balance and waste removal, the skin may become excessively dry or itchy, a common complaint among individuals with kidney problems.
Frequent Urination
Damaged kidney filters can increase the urge to urinate, particularly at night. This change in urinary patterns is one of the main symptoms of kidney problems to watch for.
Presence of Blood in Urine
Healthy kidneys prevent blood cells from leaking into urine. The presence of blood indicates possible filter damage and requires prompt evaluation.
Foamy Urine
Excessive or persistent foam in the urine may indicate proteinuria. This is another important indicator of declining kidney function.
Even though early symptoms of kidney problems may seem minor, they should not be ignored. Early diagnosis can slow disease progression and delay or prevent the problem of kidney dialysis later.
Causes of Kidney Problems
There are several factors that can affect the function of the kidneys and lead to kidney problems.
Diabetes: Unmanaged diabetes can lead to hyperglycemia and consistently high sugar levels can lead to kidney problems.
Polycystic Kidney Disease: PKD is a genetic condition that causes fluid-filled sacs (cysts) to grow inside the kidneys, leading to kidney issues.
Glomerular Disease: Glomerular diseases affect the way the kidneys filter waste.
Autoimmune Kidney Disease: Lupus is an autoimmune kidney disease that causes organ damage, joint pain, fever and skin rashes.
When to Seek Medical Advice
You should see a nephrologist or healthcare professional if you experience persistent kidney issues and symptoms, such as:
Unintentional weight loss
Poor appetite
Swelling in the ankles, feet or hands
Shortness of breath
Fatigue
Frequent urination
Other medical conditions can mimic kidney problems and symptoms, so professional evaluation is essential for an accurate diagnosis and timely treatment.
Diagnostic Tests for Kidney Problems
Doctors use several tests to determine the cause and extent of kidney problems. These may include:
Glomerular Filtration Rate: The GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate) assesses how efficiently your kidneys filter blood and helps classify the 5 stages of kidney disease, from mild dysfunction to complete kidney failure.
Serum Creatinine Level: Creatinine is a waste product produced by muscle metabolism. Elevated levels in the blood indicate reduced kidney function.
Urine Tests: Urine tests determine the level of protein and blood in the urine. Healthy kidneys do not contain protein or blood in the urine.
Other Tests: Ultrasound, MRI, or CT scans can reveal structural abnormalities, cysts, or blockages in the kidneys.
Regular screening is especially important for individuals with diabetes, hypertension or a family history of kidney problems.
Conclusion
During the early stages of kidney disease, symptoms are often subtle or mistaken for other conditions. By the time noticeable signs appear, the damage may already be advanced. Recognising and acting on kidney disease symptoms early can help prevent irreversible kidney damage and reduce the risk of needing dialysis for kidney problems in the future.
At NephroPlus, we encourage everyone to prioritise regular screening, adopt kidney-friendly habits, and seek timely medical care to maintain long-term kidney health.
FAQs
Q1. What are the common risk factors for developing kidney problems?
Common risk factors include diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity, smoking, prolonged use of painkillers, family history of kidney disease and inadequate hydration or poor diet habits.
Q2. Can diet influence kidney health?
Yes. A balanced diet low in sodium, processed foods, and excess protein helps protect kidney function and prevents further damage in individuals with existing kidney problems.
Q3. Are there any home remedies to support kidney health?
Staying hydrated, limiting salt, eating fresh fruits and vegetables, managing blood sugar and avoiding overuse of painkillers can naturally support better kidney function and health.
Q4. How often should one get tested for kidney function?
People with diabetes, hypertension or a family history of kidney disease should get tested every six to twelve months or as recommended by their healthcare provider.
Q5.What role does hydration play in preventing kidney problems?
Proper hydration helps flush toxins, prevent kidney stones and maintain balanced electrolytes. However, those with kidney disease should follow their doctorâs specific fluid intake advice.
